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Circadian Clocks, Stress, and Immunity.

Rebecca Dumbell1, Olga Matveeva1, Henrik Oster1

  • 1Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|May 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Mammalian circadian clocks synchronize bodily functions. This review explores how the circadian clock network interacts with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune system, particularly concerning glucocorticoids and inflammation.

Keywords:
HPA axiscircadian clockglucocorticoidsimmune systemstress

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Molecular circadian clocks synchronize physiological processes and behaviors in mammals.
  • The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulates stress response via glucocorticoids.
  • Glucocorticoids exhibit circadian rhythms, influencing peripheral clocks and immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the circadian clock network in the HPA axis.
  • To examine the circadian clock's involvement in the immune system.
  • To discuss the interplay between stress and circadian systems in immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on circadian clocks, HPA axis, and immune system.
  • Synthesis of findings on glucocorticoid secretion and its regulatory roles.
  • Analysis of the interaction between circadian rhythms and immune cell function.

Main Results:

  • The circadian clock network is integral to HPA axis function and glucocorticoid secretion rhythms.
  • Glucocorticoids, regulated by circadian rhythms, are potent anti-inflammatory agents.
  • The circadian clock influences various immune system components and cells, highlighting a strong connection.

Conclusions:

  • The circadian clock network significantly regulates the HPA axis and immune responses.
  • Interactions between the stress and circadian systems are crucial for immune system regulation.
  • Understanding these interactions offers insights into inflammatory and immune-related disorders.