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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Attentional Biases for Threat in Children and Adults
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Mindful attention reduces linguistic intergroup bias.

Moses M Tincher1, Lauren A M Lebois1, Lawrence W Barsalou1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Emory University.

Mindfulness
|May 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Mindfulness training reduced linguistic intergroup bias (LIB), where people use abstract language for expected behaviors and concrete language for unexpected ones. This brief intervention showed potential for reducing stereotypical thinking.

Keywords:
linguistic abstractionlinguistic expectancy biaslinguistic intergroup biasmindfulnessprejudicestereotypes

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Mindfulness Studies

Background:

  • Linguistic intergroup bias (LIB) describes the tendency to use abstract language for expected intergroup behaviors and concrete language for unexpected ones.
  • This bias reflects and perpetuates stereotypical thinking about in-groups and out-groups.
  • Understanding mechanisms that reduce intergroup bias is crucial for promoting unprejudiced cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether a brief mindfulness intervention can reduce linguistic intergroup bias.
  • To examine the differential effects of mindful attention versus immersion instructions on LIB.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-four participants were randomly assigned to either mindful attention or immersion instruction conditions.
  • Participants then viewed scenarios depicting in-group or out-group members' behaviors (positive or negative).
  • Linguistic descriptions varying in abstractness were used to assess the degree of LIB.

Main Results:

  • Participants receiving immersion instructions exhibited a robust linguistic intergroup bias.
  • Participants receiving mindful attention instructions showed a significantly tempered linguistic intergroup bias.
  • This suggests mindfulness can implicitly reduce stereotypical language use.

Conclusions:

  • A brief mindfulness intervention can effectively reduce linguistic intergroup bias.
  • Mindful attention, by promoting detached observation of thoughts, may counteract automatic stereotypical language patterns.
  • These findings offer insights into psychological mechanisms that foster more equitable intergroup perceptions.