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Exploring equity in primary-care-based physical activity interventions using PROGRESS-Plus: a systematic review and
S Attwood1,2, E van Sluijs3, S Sutton4
1Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Sciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. ska32@cam.ac.uk.
Summary
Primary care physical activity interventions show few equity differences across social disadvantage factors. Most studies measure PROGRESS-Plus indicators but rarely report analyses, hindering understanding of subgroup benefits.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Exercise Science
- Health Equity
Background:
- Equity effects of primary care physical activity interventions are poorly understood.
- This review examines intervention effects across social disadvantage indicators (PROGRESS-Plus).
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore equity effects in primary care physical activity interventions.
- To determine if intervention effects differ across PROGRESS-Plus factors.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of six databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Harvest plots used to synthesize findings from RCTs reporting subgroup or interaction analyses.
- Included RCTs examined physical activity interventions in primary care settings.
Main Results:
- 173 RCTs were eligible; 24 reported differential effect analyses.
- No consistent differences in effect found for residence, race, education, socioeconomic status, age, or disability.
- Mixed findings for gender; limited evidence for social capital; no data for occupation, religion, or sexual orientation.
Conclusions:
- Most RCTs collect PROGRESS-Plus data, enabling equity analysis.
- Few studies report detailed analyses, limiting understanding of subgroup benefits or disadvantages.
- Further research is needed to report on equity impacts of physical activity interventions.
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