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Related Experiment Video

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Direct current stimulation of prefrontal cortex modulates error-induced behavioral adjustments.

Farshad A Mansouri1,2, Daniel J Fehring1, Azadeh Feizpour1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Vic., 3800, Australia.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|May 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) modulated error-induced behavioral adjustments. This stimulation influenced post-error slowing, but not conflict-induced changes, suggesting targeted effects on executive control.

Keywords:
Wisconsin Card Sorting Testdorsolateral prefrontal cortexexecutive controlstop signal tasktranscranial direct current stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuromodulation

Background:

  • Behavioral adjustments following errors and conflict are crucial for executive control.
  • Altered modulation patterns are observed in neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a key role in executive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the DLPFC.
  • To examine how tDCS influences behavioral modulations induced by errors and cognitive conflict.
  • To differentiate the impact of tDCS on error processing versus conflict monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Two independent cohorts performed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Stop task.
  • Participants underwent three tDCS sessions: sham, cathodal, and anodal.
  • Behavioral data, including post-error slowing and conflict-induced adjustments, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • tDCS significantly modulated post-error slowing in both the WCST and Stop task.
  • The effects of tDCS on post-error slowing were polarity-dependent and trial-specific.
  • tDCS did not significantly affect behavioral adjustments related to cognitive conflict.
  • Effective tDCS polarity differed between the two tasks, suggesting distinct neural processes.

Conclusions:

  • Direct current stimulation of the DLPFC can modulate error-induced behavioral adjustments.
  • tDCS shows potential for influencing specific aspects of executive control, particularly error correction.
  • The findings highlight the role of the DLPFC in mediating post-error behavioral adjustments and inhibitory control.