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Cell Death Control by Matrix Metalloproteinases.

Dirk Zimmermann1, Juan A Gomez-Barrera1, Christian Pasule1

  • 1Institute of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology (D.Z., J.A.G.-B., C.P., E.S., T.M.N., A.St., A.Sc.) and Service Unit Mass Spectrometry (J.P.), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany; andEidgenössisch Technische Hochschule Zürich, Institute of Plant Sciences, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (U.B.B.-F.).

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|May 22, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate cell death. Tomato Sl2- and Sl3-MMP proteases are involved in plant cell death, acting upstream of P69B protease.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Protease function in plants
  • Extracellular matrix remodeling

Background:

  • Mammalian matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial for extracellular matrix remodeling.
  • The proteases governing plant cell wall modifications remain largely unidentified.
  • Investigating plant MMP homologs offers insight into plant cell dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clone and functionally characterize tomato matrix metalloproteinases (Sl2-MMP and Sl3-MMP).
  • To investigate the role of Sl-MMPs in plant cell death regulation.
  • To identify substrates and pathways involving Sl-MMPs.

Main Methods:

  • Cloning and functional characterization of Sl2-MMP and Sl3-MMP from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).
  • Analysis of gelatinolytic activity and substrate specificity.
  • Gene silencing in transgenic tomato seedlings to assess phenotypic effects.
  • Identification and characterization of protease P69B as a substrate.

Main Results:

  • Tomato Sl2-MMP and Sl3-MMP exhibit characteristics similar to mammalian MMPs.
  • Silencing Sl2/3-MMP expression in tomato seedlings induced necrotic lesions in the hypocotyl, stem, and leaves.
  • The subtilisin-like protease P69B was identified as a substrate, colocalizing with Sl-MMPs and being inactivated by them.
  • P69B is essential for the induction of cell death in MMP-silenced plants.

Conclusions:

  • Sl2- and Sl3-MMP are involved in regulating plant cell death in tomato.
  • These proteases act upstream of P69B in an extracellular proteolytic cascade.
  • The Sl-MMP/P69B pathway contributes to the control of cell death in plants.