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Identifying grey matter changes in schizotypy using partial least squares correlation.

Kristina Wiebels1, Karen E Waldie1, Reece P Roberts2

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, New Zealand.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|May 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthy individuals with high schizotypy show brain structure differences, specifically in grey matter volume, mirroring changes seen in schizophrenia. This research supports the schizotypy-schizophrenia continuum and identifies potential biological markers.

Keywords:
Gray matter volumeNeuroanatomySchizophreniaSchizotypyStructural PLS

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Structure Analysis

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is linked to reduced grey matter volume.
  • Investigating schizotypy may clarify schizophrenia progression and the continuum.
  • Previous studies on schizotypy and grey matter show inconsistent findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the relationship between psychometric schizotypy and grey matter volume in healthy adults.
  • To explore structural brain differences in individuals with high schizotypy.
  • To support the schizotypy-schizophrenia continuum model.

Main Methods:

  • Used multivariate partial least squares (PLS) analysis.
  • Assessed psychometric schizotypy using the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE).
  • Analyzed grey matter volume in 49 healthy adults.

Main Results:

  • Found negative associations between schizotypy dimensions and grey matter in frontal/temporal lobes and insula.
  • Observed positive associations between schizotypy dimensions and grey matter in parietal/temporal lobes and subcortical regions.
  • Positive and disorganized schizotypy correlated with left superior temporal gyrus and insula, regions affected in schizophrenia.

Conclusions:

  • Healthy schizotypal individuals exhibit structural brain changes in schizophrenia-associated regions.
  • Findings support an overlap in phenotypic expression between schizotypy and schizophrenia.
  • Partial least squares (PLS) is a valuable method for detecting subtle effects in neuroimaging research, particularly for schizotypy studies.