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A Guide to Conducting a Meta-Analysis.

Mike W-L Cheung1, Ranjith Vijayakumar2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, National University of Singapore, Block AS4, Level 2, 9 Arts Link, Singapore, 117570, Singapore. mikewlcheung@nus.edu.sg.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This guide explains how to conduct a meta-analysis, a powerful research synthesis method. It covers practical steps, models, and common pitfalls for researchers new to meta-analysis.

Keywords:
Literature reviewMeta-analysisModerator analysisSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Quantitative Research Methods
  • Biostatistics
  • Evidence Synthesis

Background:

  • Meta-analysis is a preferred method for synthesizing research findings across disciplines.
  • Conventional narrative reviews have limitations that meta-analysis aims to overcome.
  • Understanding the principles of meta-analysis is crucial for rigorous research synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a foundational understanding of when and how to conduct a meta-analysis.
  • To address practical questions regarding meta-analysis, such as its advantages and required study numbers.
  • To serve as a guide for researchers undertaking their first meta-analytic study.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction to common meta-analytic statistical models.
  • Illustrative examples using an artificial dataset.
  • Demonstration of meta-analysis procedures in various statistical software packages.

Main Results:

  • Discussion of the advantages of meta-analysis compared to narrative reviews.
  • Guidance on determining the number of studies appropriate for a meta-analysis.
  • Identification and solutions for common challenges encountered in meta-analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Meta-analysis offers a robust framework for synthesizing evidence.
  • This paper equips novice researchers with essential knowledge for conducting meta-analyses.
  • Adherence to best practices can mitigate common pitfalls in meta-analytic research.