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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery
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Manual reduction in acute haemorrhoids.

F Gaj1, L Candeloro2, I Biviano2

  • 1Dipartimenti di 1Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, "Paride Stefanini", Policlinico Umberto I - Sapienza Università di Roma.

La Clinica Terapeutica
|May 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Manual reduction of prolapsed hemorrhoids significantly decreases anal pain and swelling, potentially delaying or avoiding surgery. This non-invasive method offers immediate relief for patients suffering from inflamed piles.

Keywords:
Hemorrhoid pileManual reductionVAS scale

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Area of Science:

  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Prolapsed internal hemorrhoids can cause significant anal pain and discomfort.
  • Progression to thrombosis is a common complication if left untreated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of manual reduction for inflamed, prolapsed hemorrhoids.
  • To assess the impact of manual reduction on pain and the need for surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Eleven patients with symptomatic hemorrhoidal congestion underwent manual reduction of prolapsed hemorrhoids.
  • Patients received post-procedure instructions for self-insertion of prolapsed hemorrhoids.
  • Pain intensity was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) before and after treatment.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant reduction in anal swelling, pain, and VAS scores was observed by day 10.
  • 73% of patients avoided surgical intervention following manual reduction.
  • Only 18% required hemorrhoidectomy and 9% underwent excision of thrombosed external hemorrhoids.

Conclusions:

  • Manual reduction of prolapsed hemorrhoids provides immediate pain relief.
  • This technique can postpone or eliminate the need for surgical hemorrhoid treatment.