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Assessing Built Environment Walkability using Activity-Space Summary Measures.

Calvin P Tribby1, Harvey J Miller1, Barbara B Brown2

  • 1Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, 1036 Derby Hall, 154 N Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210-1361.

Journal of Transport and Land Use
|May 24, 2016
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This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method to measure neighborhood walkability within individual activity spaces, not just traditional geographic areas. This approach better reflects actual walking behavior and environmental influences on physical activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Urban Planning
  • Public Health
  • Transportation Geography

Background:

  • Active transportation, like walking, is crucial for sustainable mobility and public health.
  • Understanding the built environment's impact on walking is key to promoting physical activity.
  • Existing walkability assessments often use spatial units that don't align with individual travel behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and assess methods for measuring walkability within individual activity spaces.
  • To determine appropriate spatial units for walkability assessments that reflect potential walking behavior.
  • To compare walkability measures derived from activity spaces versus traditional census block groups.

Main Methods:

  • Estimating street network-based activity spaces using shortest paths and travel time budgets.
  • Calculating three summary measures for walkability within activity spaces: average score, standard deviation, and network autocorrelation.
  • Assessing the method with empirical data from Salt Lake City, Utah, focusing on built environment walkability and walking behavior.

Main Results:

  • Activity space walkability measures provide a novel perspective on the built environment's influence on walking.
  • The three summary measures (average, standard deviation, network autocorrelation) capture different aspects of walkability within activity spaces.
  • Walkability measures for activity spaces and census block groups showed less than 50% agreement, highlighting limitations of traditional spatial units.

Conclusions:

  • Assessing walkability within individual activity spaces offers a more accurate reflection of potential walking behavior.
  • The developed methods and measures can inform urban planning and public health interventions to promote active transportation.
  • Future research should consider activity spaces for more precise walkability assessments and their impact on health outcomes.