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A Continuous Liquid-Level Sensor for Fuel Tanks Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance.

Antonio M Pozo1, Francisco Pérez-Ocón2, Ovidio Rabaza3

  • 1Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Edificio Mecenas, Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. ampmolin@ugr.es.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor for real-time detection of water-fuel and fuel-air interfaces in storage tanks. The explosion-proof sensor accurately measures liquid levels, preventing corrosion and operational issues in refineries.

Keywords:
air-fuel-water interfacesfuel levelfuel tanksplasmonic sensorsurface plasmon resonance

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Water and fuel often coexist in storage tanks at oil refineries and fuel stations, leading to undesirable issues like tank corrosion.
  • Accurate monitoring of liquid levels, particularly the water-fuel interface, is crucial but often challenging with conventional methods.
  • The presence of unknown water levels poses significant operational and safety risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize a real-time sensing method for detecting interfaces between water, gasoline/diesel, and air in storage tanks.
  • To propose a safe and reliable sensor technology suitable for inflammable liquid environments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) principles for interface detection.
  • Designed a plasmonic sensor comprising a hemispherical glass prism, magnesium fluoride, and gold layers.
  • Optimized sensor structural parameters through theoretical modeling of the reflectance curve.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected both water-fuel and fuel-air interfaces in real-time.
  • Enabled accurate measurement of individual liquid levels within the tank.
  • Achieved a sensor sensitivity range of 1.2–3.5 RIU⁻¹ and a resolution of 5.7–16.5 × 10⁻⁴ RIU.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SPR sensor provides an effective solution for real-time liquid level monitoring in storage tanks.
  • The sensor's design eliminates electrical or electronic signals, ensuring safety in potentially explosive environments.
  • This technology offers a robust method to mitigate corrosion and improve operational efficiency in the petroleum industry.