Does Dehiscence of the Facial Nerve Canal Affect Tympanoplasty Results?

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of facial nerve canal dehiscence in tympanoplasty patients and its influence on the need for revision surgery and on hearing results and anatomical outcomes. Patients who underwent tympanoplasty with/without mastoidectomy at Ankara University Otolaryngology Department from 2006 through 2013 with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months were reviewed retrospectively in this original study. Patients were divided into those with and without cholesteatoma. Numbers and frequencies of dehiscence were recorded according to disease type, the need for revision surgery, and hearing results and anatomical outcomes. Study subjects included 206 patients, of whom 15 (7.3%) had dehiscence. The prevalence of dehiscence was significantly high in the patients with cholesteatoma (13/50 patients) compared with those without (2/156 patients). The dehiscence frequency was significantly high in cholesteatoma (42.8%), as well as overall (14.7%), revision-surgery patients. Hearing results (P < 0.05) and anatomical outcomes were better in patients without dehiscence. Dehiscence is more common in patients with than without cholesteatoma and negatively affects tympanoplasty outcomes, including hearing results, anatomical outcomes, and the need for revision surgery.