Pseudoaneurysm in the Internal Maxillary Artery Occurring After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
• Interventional Radiology

Background:

• Pseudoaneurysms are vascular defects lacking true arterial walls, posing a rupture risk.
• Pseudoaneurysms following endoscopic sinus surgery are exceptionally rare, with only four cases previously reported.
• The internal maxillary artery is a potential, though infrequent, site for post-surgical pseudoaneurysm formation.

Observation:

• A pseudoaneurysm in the internal maxillary artery was identified after endoscopic sinus surgery.
• The patient presented with a condition requiring immediate and effective intervention.

Findings:

• The pseudoaneurysm was successfully managed using endovascular embolization.
• No bleeding or complications were observed six months post-embolization, indicating a favorable outcome.

Implications:

• Endovascular embolization is an effective treatment for internal maxillary artery pseudoaneurysms post-endoscopic sinus surgery.
• This case expands the understanding of rare complications associated with endoscopic sinus procedures.
• Prompt intervention with embolization can prevent serious hemorrhage and ensure patient safety.