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Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
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Controlling Bone Graft Substitute Microstructure to Improve Bone Augmentation.

Zeeshan Sheikh1, Justin Drager2, Yu Ling Zhang1

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Strathcona Anatomyand Dentistry Building, Rue University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|May 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoclaved monetite grafts show higher bone volume and bioresorbability for vertical bone augmentation compared to dry heated grafts. This research explores synthetic alternatives for dental implants in atrophic ridges.

Keywords:
calvarial implantationdicalcium phosphatesmonetiteonlay graftingvertical bone augmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology
  • Bone Regeneration

Background:

  • Vertical bone augmentation is crucial for dental implant success in atrophic alveolar ridges.
  • Onlay autografting is common but has complications, driving the search for synthetic bone graft alternatives.
  • Monetite, a bioresorbable dicalcium phosphate, possesses osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, making it a potential synthetic graft material.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of two monetite graft types, prepared via wet (autoclaved) and dry heating, for vertical bone augmentation.
  • To evaluate the impact of differing physical properties (porosity, surface area, mechanical strength) on bone regeneration and graft bioresorbability.
  • To assess the potential of monetite as a synthetic alternative for onlay bone grafting in dental applications.

Main Methods:

  • Monetite discs were fabricated using wet (autoclaving) and dry heating methods, altering their physical characteristics.
  • Onlay grafts were applied to rabbit calvaria, and histological analysis was performed after 12 weeks.
  • Bone volume, vertical bone height gain, and graft bioresorbability were quantified and compared between the two preparation methods.

Main Results:

  • Autoclaved monetite grafts exhibited significantly higher bone volume (38%) compared to dry heated grafts (26%) after 12 weeks.
  • Both graft types achieved similar vertical bone height increases (up to 3.2 mm), with greater augmentation laterally.
  • Higher porosity in autoclaved grafts correlated with increased bioresorbability, while dry heated grafts with lower porosity and higher surface area showed less resorption.

Conclusions:

  • Monetite grafts prepared by autoclaving demonstrate superior bone regeneration and bioresorbability compared to dry heated counterparts for vertical bone augmentation.
  • The physical properties of monetite grafts, influenced by preparation methods, significantly affect their performance in bone regeneration.
  • These findings support further investigation of tailored monetite grafts for clinical applications in vertical bone augmentation to facilitate dental implant placement.