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Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
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[Autobiographical memory and self-disorders in schizophrenia].

F Berna1, J Potheegadoo2, M C Allé2

  • 1Pôle de psychiatrie, santé mentale et addictologie, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France; Inserm U1114, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67412 Illkirch cedex, France.

L'Encephale
|May 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia patients exhibit less specific autobiographical memories and altered self-images, impacting their sense of self. Cognitive remediation and psychotherapy targeting autobiographical memory may improve self-coherence and stability in these patients.

Keywords:
Autobiographical memoryCognitive remediationIdentité personnelleMémoire autobiographiqueRemédiation cognitiveSchizophreniaSchizophrénieSelf

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychopathology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Disorders of self are a core feature of schizophrenia, historically understood through philosophical lenses.
  • Recent research explores cognitive mechanisms underlying these self-disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how autobiographical memory deficits may explain self-disorders in schizophrenia.
  • To examine the relationship between autobiographical memory and the self using the Self-Memory System model.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical literature review of autobiographical memory studies in schizophrenia.
  • Application of the Self-Memory System model, distinguishing working-self and autobiographical memory knowledge base.
  • Analysis of phenomenological and conceptual aspects of self and memory.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients show less specific autobiographical memories with fewer phenomenological details.
  • Impaired mental time travel, reduced self-coherence, and unstable self-images are observed.
  • Weakened connections between self-images and autobiographical memories, and disorganized reminiscence bumps are evident.

Conclusions:

  • Autobiographical memory deficits are linked to altered phenomenological and conceptual dimensions of the self in schizophrenia.
  • Cognitive remediation and psychotherapy targeting autobiographical memory show therapeutic potential.
  • These interventions may enhance self-retrieval, coherence, and stability in patients.