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Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness
Published on: July 11, 2025
[Ethical principles in electronvulsivotherapy]
1Service de psychiatrie, département de psychiatrie, faculté de médecine, Hôtel-Dieu de France, université Saint-Joseph, Beyrouth, Liban; UMR ADÉS 7268 - AMU/ EFS/ CNRS, Aix-Marseille université, espace éthique méditerranéen, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
Abstract:
ECT or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a therapeutic technique invented in 1935 but which was really developed after World War II and then spreading widely until the mid 1960s. The source of this technique, and some forms of stigma including films, have participated widely to make it suspect from a moral point of view. The ethical principles that support the establishment of a treatment by ECT are those relating to any action in psychiatry and are based on the one hand on the founding principles of bioethics: autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance, and justice, and on the other hand on the information on the technical and consent to this type of care.
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