Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Evaluation of an Exclusive Spur Dike U-Turn Design with Radar-Collected Data and Simulation
Published on: February 1, 2020
The evaluation of interfaces between MTA and two types of GIC (conventional and resin modified) under an SEM: An in
Anuradha Patil1, Shalini Aggarwal2, Tanaya Kumar2
1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Context:
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a biocompatible repair material that is often used along with glass ionomer cement (GIC) in many clinical situations.
Aims:
In this study, the interface of GIC and MTA was examined, and the effect of time on this interface was tested.
Materials And Methods:
Forty 9-mm hollow cylindrical glass molds were filled with MTA and then according to the group either conventional GIC or resin-modified GIC (RMGIC) is filled immediately or after 45 min. The specimens were then sectioned, carbon coated, and examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the elemental analysis was done.
Statistical Analysis:
Observational study, no statistical analysis done.
Results:
The SEM showed that both the groups underwent adhesive separation and gap formation at the interface. The specimens in which GIC was condensed over freshly mixed MTA (group IIA and group IIB) also showed cohesive separation in MTA; however, it was more in the GIC condensed after 45 min over MTA groups (group IA and group IB). The results were better for conventional GIC than RMGIC.
Conclusions:
GIC can be applied over freshly mixed MTA with minimal effects on the MTA, but this effect decreases with time.
Related Concept Videos
Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS
Multimachine Stability
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
Bus Impedance Matrix
In the first circuit, all machine voltage sources are short-circuited, leaving only the prefault voltage source at the fault location. The positive-sequence bus impedance matrix can be determined by solving the nodal equations,...
Fault Types
For line-to-line faults occurring between phases B and C, the...
Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
Multiple Comparison Tests
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
