[Open Drainage for Mediastinitis after Endobronchial Ultrasonography-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration]

A 61-year-old man had been diagnosed as lung cancer (cT4N2M0, stage IIIB) and radiochemotherapy was performed. After the treatment, endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) was done to identify the histrogical type and to detect the oncogenic driver mutation. After EBUS-TBNA, he developed a high grade fever and the findings of the chest computed tomography (CT) suggested the infection of puncture site in mediastinum. Symptoms disappeared once by oral and intravenous antibiotics, but the infection recurred again. Chest CT revealed an abscess cavity with possible communication to the airway. Open drainage and debridment were performed and the anticancer chemotherapy could be continued.