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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
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Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

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Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Intraoperative Gastroscopy for Tumor Localization in Laparoscopic Surgery for Gastric Adenocarcinoma
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[Endoscopic surgery].

Christian Rushfeldt1, Khanh Do-Cong Pham2, Lars Aabakken3

  • 1Avdeling for gastrointestinal kirurgi Kirurgi, kreft og kvinnehelseklinikken Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
|May 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for early-stage gastrointestinal tumors, developed in Japan, offers patient and societal benefits. Endoscopic submucosal dissection enables precise removal of large tumors, pioneered in 1999.

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Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Endoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal (GI) tract tumors emerged in Japan during the 1990s.
  • This minimally invasive approach utilizes flexible scopes (gastro-/coloscopes) as an alternative to traditional open or laparoscopic surgeries.
  • It offers significant advantages, including reduced patient trauma, hospital resource optimization, and decreased societal costs due to shorter sick leave.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the development and advantages of endoscopic surgery for early-stage GI tumors.
  • To introduce Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) as a complex yet effective technique for large tumor removal.
  • To acknowledge the pioneering work in ESD for early rectal cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Development of endoscopic techniques using gastro-/coloscopes for tumor removal.
  • Advancement of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD), a challenging endoscopic procedure.
  • Application of ESD with a diathermic needle and flexible scope for early rectal cancer dissection.

Main Results:

  • Successful development of minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for early-stage GI tumors.
  • Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) proved capable of accurate dissection of large tumors.
  • The first successful ESD for early rectal cancers was performed in 1999.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopic surgery provides a less invasive option for early GI tumors, benefiting patients, hospitals, and society.
  • Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a crucial technique for managing larger early-stage GI tumors.
  • Pioneering efforts in ESD have established its efficacy in treating early rectal cancers.