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Good Clinical Outcomes in Budd-Chiari Syndrome with Hepatic Vein Occlusion
Xinxin Fan1, Kai Liu1, Yuan Che1
1Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
Insights
Hepatic vein angioplasty and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) offer effective treatment for Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) with hepatic vein occlusion. These interventions demonstrate excellent long-term outcomes for patients suffering from this condition.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Hepatology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) with hepatic vein (HV) occlusion presents with severe liver damage in acute cases.
- Chronic BCS can lead to esophageal variceal bleeding or refractory ascites, mimicking cirrhotic portal hypertension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of HV angioplasty and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for treating BCS.
- To evaluate these interventional procedures in patients experiencing HV occlusion.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 60 patients with HV occlusive BCS between May 1995 and December 2014.
- Procedures included HV angioplasty, combined HV and IVC angioplasty, TIPS, and modified TIPS for extensive HV occlusion.
Main Results:
- Successful interventional procedures in all 60 patients.
- Significant reduction in portal pressure and increase in portal flow velocity post-TIPS.
- Low rates of mortality and shunt-related complications during follow-up.
Conclusions:
- HV angioplasty and TIPS provide excellent long-term outcomes for BCS patients with HV occlusion.
- These minimally invasive techniques are effective in managing the complications of BCS.
Background:
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) with hepatic vein (HV) occlusion is manifested by severe liver damage in acute cases and esophageal variceal bleeding or refractory ascites in chronic cases, which is difficult to differentiate from cirrhotic portal hypertension.
Aims:
To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of HV angioplasty and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of BCS with HV occlusion.
Methods:
Between May 1995 and December 2014, 60 patients with HV occlusive BCS underwent HV angioplasty or TIPS. BCS was subacute or chronic in 55 patients and acute in 5 patients. HV angioplasty was performed in 18 patients with HV occlusion, combined HV and IVC angioplasty in 9 patients with HV and IVC occlusion, TIPS in 12 patients with HV occlusion, and modified TIPS in 21 patients with extensive HV occlusion.
Results:
The interventional procedure was successfully performed in all 60 patients. The portal pressure decreased from 41.23 ± 10.46 cmH2O preoperatively to 26.68 ± 6.46 cmH2O postoperatively, while the portal flow velocity increased from 14.31 ± 10.43 to 52.16 ± 13.68 cm/s in patients undergoing TIPS or modified TIPS. During hospitalization, two patients died from hepatic failure, and acute shunt occlusion occurred in two other patients during subsequent treatment with repeated intervention. During 82.25 ± 46.16 months of follow-up, three patients underwent re-intervention with a stenotic shunt, and other three with repeated dilation of the stenotic HV.
Conclusion:
HV angioplasty and TIPS yield excellent long-term outcomes in patients with HV occlusive BCS.
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