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Related Experiment Videos

Dissemination in cutaneous leishmaniasis. 3. Lymph node involvement.

Y al-Gindan1, R Kubba, A M el-Hassan

  • 1National Leishmaniasis Research Project (KACST), King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

International Journal of Dermatology
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) can cause lymph node enlargement in patients. Leishmanial antigen, not always the parasite, may spread and cause this lymphadenitis.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a significant public health concern in endemic regions.
  • Understanding the full spectrum of CL manifestations, including systemic involvement, is crucial for effective management.
  • Lymph node involvement in CL has been reported but requires further characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of lymph node enlargement in patients with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major.
  • To determine the pathological and immunopathological basis of lymphadenitis in CL patients.
  • To explore the role of leishmanial antigen dissemination in lymph node involvement.

Main Methods:

  • A study was conducted on 643 patients with CL in an endemic focus in Saudi Arabia.

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  • Clinical examination recorded lymph node enlargement, location, and characteristics.
  • Pathologic and immunopathologic studies were performed on lymph node biopsies.

    • Main Results:

    • Lymph node enlargement was observed in 10.26% of patients (66 out of 643).
    • Epitrochlear lymph nodes were most commonly affected (68%), followed by inguinal (18%), axillary (15%), and cervical (11%).
    • Leishmanial antigen was detected in all eight biopsied lymph nodes, while amastigotes were found in only two.

    Conclusions:

    • Lymph node enlargement is a notable manifestation of Leishmania major infection, indicating dissemination.
    • Leishmanial antigen dissemination, rather than parasitic presence, may be responsible for lymphadenitis in some CL cases.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the immunopathogenesis of leishmanial lymphadenitis.