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Related Concept Videos

Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

2
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
2
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

8
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
8
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

10
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
10

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A Model for Epilepsy of Infectious Etiology using Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus
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[Tick-borne encephalitis].

R Kaiser1

  • 1Neurologische Klinik, Helios Klinikum Pforzheim GmbH, Kanzlerstraße 2-6, 75175, Pforzheim, Deutschland. Reinhard.Kaiser2@helios-kliniken.de.

Der Nervenarzt
|May 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a significant viral infection affecting the central nervous system, primarily transmitted by ticks. While no cure exists, TBE can be effectively prevented through vaccination.

Keywords:
Cognitive deficitsEncephalomyelitisPrognosisTick bitesVaccination

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a major viral infection impacting the human central nervous system.
  • Around 10,000 hospitalizations occur annually in Europe and Asia due to TBE.
  • The TBE virus (TBEV) is transmitted via tick bites and, less commonly, through unpasteurized goat's milk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prevention of TBE.
  • To highlight the significance of TBEV as a public health concern in endemic regions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TBEV epidemiology and clinical data.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including serological testing and cerebrospinal fluid examination.
  • Discussion of TBEV transmission routes and clinical manifestations.

Main Results:

  • TBEV infection results in meningitis, meningoencephalitis, or encephalomyelitis in affected individuals.
  • Diagnosis is confirmed by detecting TBEV-specific IgM and IgG antibodies and elevated cerebrospinal fluid cell counts.
  • Only a small percentage of tick bites lead to TBE disease, despite low tick infection rates.

Conclusions:

  • Tick-borne encephalitis poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in Europe and Asia.
  • Early diagnosis and confirmation through serological and CSF analysis are crucial.
  • Active immunization remains the most effective method for preventing TBE.