Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

46.7K
Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
46.7K
Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

23.1K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
23.1K
Crossing Over01:34

Crossing Over

173.9K
Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process...
173.9K
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

7.1K
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
7.1K
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

11.2K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
11.2K
Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

83.3K
During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
83.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Short-term responses of estuarine mesozooplankton to maintenance dredging activities.

Marine pollution bulletin·2026
Same author

Hidden in the gut: Metabarcoding reveals overlooked predation by the invasive European catfish (Silurus glanis).

Journal of fish biology·2025
Same author

Mesozooplankton assemblage in the gulf of cádiz estuaries: Taxonomic and trait-based approaches.

Marine environmental research·2024
Same author

Adding Value to Bycatch Fish Species Captured in the Portuguese Coast-Development of New Food Products.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same author

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome as a complication of systemic sclerosis.

Reumatismo·2019
Same author

First empirical evidence of naturally occurring androgenesis in vertebrates.

Royal Society open science·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.6K

Reproductive dynamics shapes genomotype composition in an allopolyploid complex.

M Morgado-Santos1, S Carona2, M F Magalhães2

  • 1Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal mfsantos@fc.ul.pt.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|May 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Reproductive success in the Iberian fish Squalius alburnoides depends on parental genomotypes. Specific crosses, mirroring wild populations, yield higher offspring survival, influencing population structure.

Keywords:
directional crossesegg allocationfertilization ratefree-access crossesoffspring survivalpaternity analysis

More Related Videos

A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization
07:27

A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization

Published on: June 9, 2020

6.0K
Laser-assisted Microdissection LAM as a Tool for Transcriptional Profiling of Individual Cell Types
09:31

Laser-assisted Microdissection LAM as a Tool for Transcriptional Profiling of Individual Cell Types

Published on: May 10, 2016

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.6K
A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization
07:27

A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization

Published on: June 9, 2020

6.0K
Laser-assisted Microdissection LAM as a Tool for Transcriptional Profiling of Individual Cell Types
09:31

Laser-assisted Microdissection LAM as a Tool for Transcriptional Profiling of Individual Cell Types

Published on: May 10, 2016

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Hybrid complexes involve organisms with multiple parental genomes (genomotypes) interconnected by crosses.
  • The mechanisms driving the dynamics of established hybrid complexes are poorly understood.
  • Allopolyploid organisms present unique evolutionary pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the reproductive success of the allopolyploid Iberian fish, Squalius alburnoides.
  • To analyze offspring production and viability based on parental genomotypes in experimental crosses.
  • To understand the role of reproductive dynamics in shaping allopolyploid population structure.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental crosses (free-access and directional) were conducted using common genomotypes of Squalius alburnoides.
  • Offspring paternity was analyzed in free-access crosses.
  • Egg allocation, fertilization rates, and offspring survival were quantified for different male genomotypes.

Main Results:

  • Offspring composition in free-access crosses deviated significantly from random mating expectations.
  • Reproductive success (egg allocation, fertilization, survival) varied among crosses involving different male genomotypes.
  • Directional crosses producing the most common wild genomotype showed the highest success rates.

Conclusions:

  • Offspring production and viability are influenced by the parental male genomotype in Squalius alburnoides.
  • Reproductive dynamics significantly structure the genomotype composition of allopolyploid populations.
  • Further research into the ecology and evolution of allopolyploids is warranted.