Measles in the United States since the Millennium: Perils and Progress in the Postelimination Era

Area of Science:

• Epidemiology
• Immunology
• Public Health

Background:

• Measles remains a significant public health concern globally.
• Vaccination is the most effective strategy for measles prevention.
• The postelimination era presents unique challenges for disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the epidemiology of measles in the postelimination era.
• To discuss the successes and challenges of measles vaccination programs.
• To outline progress and future directions for measles control.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of measles epidemiology and vaccination data.
• Analysis of global measles surveillance and vaccination coverage.
• Synthesis of information on challenges and successes in measles elimination.

Main Results:

• Despite progress, measles outbreaks continue to occur, particularly in under-vaccinated populations.
• Vaccine hesitancy and access remain significant barriers to achieving and maintaining high vaccination coverage.
• Global efforts have led to substantial reductions in measles incidence and mortality.

Conclusions:

• Sustained high vaccination coverage is crucial for preventing measles resurgence.
• Addressing vaccine hesitancy and improving access are key to future success.
• Continued global collaboration and surveillance are essential for measles eradication.