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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
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A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement

Published on: May 11, 2020

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Operative Start Time Does Not Affect Post-Operative Infection Risk.

Christopher A Guidry1, Stephen W Davies1, Rhett N Willis1

  • 11 Department of Surgery, The University of Virginia Health System , Charlottesville, Virginia.

Surgical Infections
|May 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study found no link between surgery start time and post-operative infections. Operative timing does not appear to impact patient outcomes, despite previous suggestions of a circadian rhythm effect.

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Last Updated: Mar 20, 2026

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
06:24

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement

Published on: May 11, 2020

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Outcomes Research
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement
  • Chronobiology in Medicine

Background:

  • Surgical care operates 24/7, with prior studies suggesting operative start times correlate with patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Potential causes include operational factors and human circadian rhythms affecting host defenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that the time of day of an operation significantly impacts the frequency of post-operative infectious complications.

Main Methods:

  • A 10-year analysis of 21,985 cases from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.
  • Operative start times were categorized into six-hour blocks.
  • Multivariable logistic regression with mixed-effects modeling was used to assess the association between start times and infectious outcomes, controlling for surgeon clustering.

Main Results:

  • Post-operative infectious complications occurred in 9.7% of patients, with 70% being surgical site infections.
  • Univariable analysis indicated higher infection rates for nighttime and evening surgeries (p < 0.001).
  • Multivariable analysis revealed no significant association between operative start time and the risk of post-operative infection, even for emergency cases.

Conclusions:

  • The study data indicate no correlation between operative start times and post-operative infectious complications.
  • Further research is needed to explain the time-dependent outcome variability observed in prior investigations.