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Related Concept Videos

Continuing Care01:25

Continuing Care

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Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Intratumoral Injection of Cisplatin for the Treatment of Isolated Mediastinal Recurrence of Lung Cancer
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Palliative Chemotherapy.

Marianne Matzo1

  • 1Marianne Matzo is the director of research for the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association, Pittsburgh, PA. She is an AJN contributing editor and coordinates Perspectives on Palliative Nursing. Contact author: mariannem@hpna.org. The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

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Summary

This series introduces palliative care principles guided by the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association (HPNA). It focuses on enhancing patient and family care across all disease stages.

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Palliative Care
  • Oncology Nursing

Background:

  • Palliative care focuses on relieving suffering for patients and families.
  • The Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association (HPNA) provides guidance and resources.
  • Effective palliative care is crucial across all disease trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a series on palliative care.
  • Highlight the role of the HPNA in advancing expert nursing care.
  • Emphasize comprehensive patient and family support.

Main Methods:

  • This article is the first in a series.
  • Content developed in collaboration with HPNA.
  • Focus on evidence-based nursing practices.

Main Results:

  • The HPNA offers comprehensive resources including education and certification.
  • Guidance is provided for nurses to optimize patient and family care.
  • Palliative care principles apply regardless of disease stage or treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Palliative care is essential for improving quality of life.
  • Nurses play a vital role in delivering expert palliative care.
  • The HPNA is a key resource for advancing palliative nursing.