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Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

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The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Production of Formed Elements01:34

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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
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Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion
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Stem/progenitor cells in liver regeneration.

Tohru Itoh1

  • 1Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
|May 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In liver injury, biliary epithelial cells may act as stem/progenitor cells. However, genetic studies question their role in liver regeneration, highlighting ongoing research challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Hepatocyte proliferation is compromised in severe or chronic liver injury.
  • Putative stem/progenitor cells, identified by biliary epithelial cell markers, are thought to activate in injured livers.
  • These cells are observed ectopically in the liver parenchyma in human diseases and animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in characterizing and certifying stem/progenitor cells in the adult liver.
  • To discuss current and future challenges in understanding the cellular basis of liver regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of histopathological findings in human liver diseases and animal models.
  • Consideration of genetic lineage tracing studies in mice.

Main Results:

  • The biliary system contains cells with ex vivo stem/progenitor activity.
  • Genetic lineage tracing studies raise questions about the in situ differentiation of these cells into hepatocytes.
  • The exact contribution of biliary-derived cells to liver regeneration remains debated.

Conclusions:

  • Characterization of liver stem/progenitor cells is complex and evolving.
  • Further research is needed to definitively identify and certify the cells responsible for liver regeneration.
  • Understanding these cellular mechanisms is crucial for advancing liver regenerative therapies.