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Serum polybrominated diphenyl ether concentrations and thyroid function in young children.

Melanie H Jacobson1, Dana B Barr2, Michele Marcus3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Environmental Research
|May 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure in young children is linked to disruptions in thyroid hormone function, potentially indicating hypothyroidism. This study highlights the impact of PBDEs on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in U.S. children.

Keywords:
Brominated flame retardantsEndocrine disruptionPBDEsThyroid functionThyroid hormones

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Toxicology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are critical for early neurodevelopment.
  • Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants with potential endocrine-disrupting properties.
  • Previous studies on PBDEs and thyroid function have yielded inconsistent results, with limited research in U.S. children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum PBDE levels and thyroid hormone parameters in young children.
  • To assess PBDE exposure in children aged 1-5 years in the southeastern United States.
  • To determine if PBDE exposure is linked to subclinical thyroid function disruption.

Main Methods:

  • Serum levels of seven PBDE congeners and thyroid hormones were measured in 80 children (aged 1-5 years).
  • PBDEs were analyzed as individual congeners and as a sum (∑PBDE).
  • Multivariate linear regression models assessed associations between PBDE levels (quartiles and continuous) and thyroid markers, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

  • PBDE congeners and ∑PBDE were positively associated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
  • A log-unit increase in ∑PBDE was associated with a 22.1% increase in TSH.
  • Higher quartiles of ∑PBDE exposure correlated with increased TSH and a tendency towards lower total T4 and higher free T3.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood exposure to PBDEs is associated with subclinical disruption of thyroid hormone function.
  • Findings suggest PBDE exposure may contribute to a state of hypothyroidism in children.
  • This study provides evidence of PBDEs' impact on thyroid function in a U.S. pediatric population.