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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
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Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
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Long non-coding RNA: Functional agent for disease traits.

Sriyans Jain1, Nirav Thakkar1, Jagamohan Chhatai1

  • 1a Functional Genomics and Gene Silencing Group , CSIR- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology , Hyderabad , India.

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|May 28, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts over 200 nucleotides, regulate gene expression. This review explores their roles in diseases, cellular processes, and potential as biomarkers and therapeutics.

Keywords:
Biomarkersepigeneticsgene regulationhuman diseaseslong non-coding RNAtherapeutic agents

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides.
  • They lack protein-coding potential but play crucial roles in gene regulation.
  • Recent research highlights their widespread involvement in biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs in human biology and medicine.
  • To explore the association of lncRNAs with various human diseases and genetic disorders.
  • To discuss the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on lncRNAs.
  • Analysis of lncRNA functions in gene expression and translation.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on lncRNA involvement in disease and cellular processes.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs are implicated in regulating gene expression and translation.
  • Numerous lncRNAs are linked to diverse human diseases and genetic disorders.
  • lncRNAs are involved in cellular differentiation and aging processes.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a significant area of research in human biology and medicine.
  • They hold considerable promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
  • Further investigation into lncRNA functions is warranted.