A comparison of MMPI profile types across standard and contemporary norms

Changes in mean elevation, dispersion, overall configuration, and code type of well-defined MMPI profiles derived from diagnostic groups with known clinical correlates were examined after transformation using contemporary norms developed by Colligan, Osborne, Swenson, and Offord (1983). A total of 34 MMPI profiles from both Gilberstadt and Duker (1965) and Marks, Seeman, and Haller (1974) were analyzed using contemporary normalized T scores. Results yielded the expected reduction in mean elevation and dispersion about the mean upon transformation to contemporary norms. Linear and contemporary normalized T-score profiles correlated highly with each other and manifested a similar pattern of correlation with Skinner and Jackson's (1978) three modal MMPI types. Similarity in the code types of 94% of the profiles was found. However, the substantial number of order changes in the scales that comprise the code type evident upon transformation highlights the caution and care necessary when one is interpreting MMPI profiles based on contemporary norms. Continued use of original norms together with contemporary norms appears indicated until the full implications of profile and code type differences upon transformation to contemporary norms are understood.