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Temperature feedback-controlled photothermal treatment with diffusing applicator: theoretical and experimental

Trung Hau Nguyen1, Suhyun Park2, Kyu Kyu Hlaing3

  • 1Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea; These authors equally contributed to this work.

Biomedical Optics Express
|May 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that real-time temperature control using a proportional-integrative-derivative (PID) controller effectively minimizes thermal injury during photothermal therapy. This precise temperature management ensures consistent treatment outcomes for conditions like pancreatic tumors.

Keywords:
(000.4430) Numerical approximation and analysis(140.6810) Thermal effects(170.1610) Clinical applications(230.1980) Diffusers

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Oncology
  • Laser Medicine

Background:

  • Minimizing thermal injury is crucial in photothermal treatments.
  • Accurate temperature monitoring is essential for effective tissue ablation.
  • Pancreatic tumors present a therapeutic challenge due to their location and sensitivity to heat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate real-time temperature monitoring with a proportional-integrative-derivative (PID) controller during 980-nm photothermal treatment.
  • To assess the controller's ability to minimize thermal injury and ensure consistent coagulation volumes.
  • To determine the feasibility of integrating temperature feedback for pancreatic tumor treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 980-nm laser with a radially-diffusing applicator for photothermal treatment.
  • Employed a proportional-integrative-derivative (PID) controller for real-time temperature monitoring and feedback.
  • Conducted both computational simulations and experimental studies to validate thermal behavior.
  • Measured temperature distribution, irreversible tissue denaturation, and coagulation volumes.

Main Results:

  • Simulations and experiments showed comparable thermal behaviors in temperature distribution and tissue denaturation.
  • The PID controller maintained a steady-state temperature with an error of less than 1 K (353 K target).
  • Coagulation volumes increased linearly with irradiation time, reaching 1.04 ± 0.02 cm(3).

Conclusions:

  • Real-time temperature monitoring with a PID controller effectively minimizes thermal injury during photothermal treatment.
  • This feedback integration offers a feasible and effective therapeutic approach for pancreatic tumors.
  • Diffuser-assisted photothermal treatments combined with PID control enhance treatment precision and efficacy.