Anaesthetic technique and pain in the newborn

This paper reviews the approach to pain during surgery in the newborn under five general headings: (1) current attitudes to pain in the newborn during anaesthesia and intensive care; (2) current evidence on the response of the newborn to pain; (3) current approaches to the management of pain in the newborn; (4) the complications of these approaches; (5) the resultant principles of the management of anaesthesia in the newborn.