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The transcriptome of metamorphosing flatfish.

Ricardo N Alves¹, Ana S Gomes², Kurt Stueber³

¹Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centro de Ciências do Mar - CCMAR, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.

|May 29, 2016

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This summary is machine-generated.

Flatfish metamorphosis involves significant transcriptome changes, with most genes not responding to thyroid hormones (THs). This study reveals key molecular events driving flatfish development.

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Genomics
Endocrinology

Background:

Flatfish metamorphosis transforms larvae into benthic juveniles, a process driven by thyroid hormones (THs).
The precise molecular mechanisms by which THs orchestrate these complex changes in flatfish remain largely unknown.
Understanding TH action is crucial for elucidating flatfish development and maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the molecular basis of thyroid hormone (TH) action during flatfish metamorphosis.
To identify key genes and biological processes involved in the morphological and functional transformations.
To generate a comprehensive transcriptome resource for metamorphosing Atlantic halibut.

Main Methods:

Utilized RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) for de novo assembly of transcriptomes from larval head, skin, and gastrointestinal tract.

Keywords:

Development Flatfish RNA sequencing Thyroid hormone responsive Tissue-remodelling Transcriptome

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Employed SOLiD sequencing to map transcriptome dynamics during metamorphosis in whole larvae.

Validated candidate transcript expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Main Results:

Generated a transcriptome resource with over 8,000 differentially expressed (DE) genes during metamorphosis.
Identified unique sets of genes and biological processes associated with head, skin, and GI-tract development.
Found that the majority (98%) of DE genes were not TH-responsive, with only 145 DE TH-responsive genes identified, mostly down-regulated.

Conclusions:

A substantial number of transcripts are differentially expressed during flatfish metamorphosis, providing a valuable resource.
A small subset of TH-responsive genes likely initiates downstream signaling cascades responsible for major metamorphic changes.
This study sheds light on the complex gene regulatory networks underlying flatfish metamorphosis.