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Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Underdiagnosed Condition.

Tarik Alhmoud1, Joshua Anspach Hanson2, Gulshan Parasher3

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, MSC10-5550, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. talhmoud@salud.unm.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EOGE) is a rare gastrointestinal disorder. Diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion, and while some patients achieve remission with diet or steroids, others have refractory disease.

Keywords:
Eosinophilic colitisEosinophilic enteritisEosinophilic esophagitisEosinophilic gastroenteritis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EOGE) is a rare idiopathic condition involving eosinophil-rich inflammation in the stomach and intestines.
  • Understanding its epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcomes is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of EOGE.
  • To analyze patient demographics, symptoms, and treatment responses in a tertiary-care setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of patients with gastrointestinal eosinophilic infiltration from 2004-2014.
  • Pathological review of specimens to define significant eosinophilic infiltrate (>25 eosinophils/HPF in stomach/small intestine, >50 in colon).

Main Results:

  • 13 EOGE cases identified (9 adults, 4 pediatric); adult cases were predominantly female (78%).
  • Common symptoms included abdominal pain (62%), diarrhea (31%), and nausea/vomiting (31%). Pediatric cases showed failure to thrive.
  • Peripheral eosinophilia was common (69%), and outcomes varied: 30% spontaneous remission, 60% responded to steroids/diet, 10% refractory.

Conclusions:

  • EOGE may be underdiagnosed and potentially female-predominant in adults.
  • High clinical suspicion is necessary for diagnosis.
  • Further research on long-term outcomes and dietary interventions in adults is warranted.