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Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
Published on: October 2, 2019
The interplay between sleep behavior and affect in elementary school children's daily life
Tanja Könen1, Judith Dirk2, Anja Leonhardt2
1Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; IDeA (Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk) Center, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Good sleep quality enhances children's daily positive emotions, especially in the morning. Evening emotions also influence subsequent sleep, indicating a bidirectional relationship in children's daily lives.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Sleep Science
- Affective Science
Background:
- Bidirectional relationship between sleep and affect is established in adults.
- Limited research exists on this interplay in children's daily lives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bidirectional relationship between sleep and affect in elementary school children.
- To examine how daily sleep quality and quantity influence children's affect.
- To explore how children's affect influences their subsequent sleep.
Main Methods:
- Micro-longitudinal study over 31 days with 110 children (8-11 years old).
- Ambulatory assessment using smartphones to capture daily sleep and affect.
- Multilevel analysis to examine within-person variations.
Main Results:
- Within-person sleep quality positively related to next-day affect, particularly in the morning.
- Children with earlier bedtimes and longer sleep duration showed stronger positive affect.
- No direct within-person effect of sleep quantity on affect was found.
- Evening affect was associated with subsequent sleep quality.
Conclusions:
- Findings support a bidirectional link between sleep and affect in children's daily lives.
- Good sleep quality serves as a resource for children's daily affective well-being.
- Emphasizes the importance of analyzing within-person sleep variations for understanding child development.
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