An Hydroalcoholic Chamomile Extract Modulates Inflammatory and Immune Response in HT29 Cells and Isolated Rat Colon

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic disorders characterized by disruption and ulceration of the colonic mucosa or of any part of the digestive tract (Crohn's disease). Antioxidant/anti-inflammatory herbal extract supplementation could represent an innovative approach to contrast IBDs. Clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of natural formulas, containing chamomile, in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. This is consistent, albeit in part, with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of chamomile. The aim of the present study was to explore the possible protective role of a chamomile extract, on human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 cell, and rat colon specimens treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce an inflammatory stimulus, a well established model of acute ulcerative colitis. In this context, the activities of different biomarkers of inflammation and lipid peroxidation such as ROS, myeloperoxidase (MPO), serotonin (5-HT), prostaglandin (PG)E2 , 8-iso-prostaglandin (8-iso-PG)F2α , NF-kB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and interleukin (IL)-6 were assessed. We found that chamomile extract was as effective as sulfasalazine (2 mg/ml) in reducing the production of MPO, 5-HT, IL-6, NF-kB, TNFα, PGE2 and 8-iso-PGF2α , after inflammatory stimulus. The observed modulatory effects support a rationale use of chamomile supplementation as a promising pharmacological tool for the prevention and management of ulcerative colitis in humans. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.