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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo
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Third trimester placental volume and biometry measurement: A method-development study.

L E Higgins1, L Simcox1, C P Sibley1

  • 1Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom.

Placenta
|May 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Third trimester placental size can be measured in utero using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound. However, improving the reliability of these placental measurements is crucial for future clinical applications.

Keywords:
EllipsePlacental volumePlacental weightThree-dimensional ultrasoundTissue densityTwo-dimensional ultrasoundVOCAL

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of placental size in the third trimester is vital for monitoring fetal well-being.
  • Existing ultrasound techniques for placental biometry require validation against ex vivo measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of 2D and 3D ultrasound in measuring third-trimester placental volume in utero.
  • To compare the correlation of various ultrasound methods with true ex vivo placental size.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-seven singleton pregnancies underwent placental ultrasound within seven days of delivery.
  • Placental volume was estimated using 2D (ellipse, shell) and 3D (rotational, multiplanar) techniques.
  • Ultrasound measurements were compared to ex vivo correlates, and intra/inter-observer reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

Main Results:

  • Curvilinear placental dimensions showed good correlation with ex vivo measurements (R ≥ 0.24).
  • All placental volume estimation methods correlated with ex vivo volume (R ≥ 0.32), with 30° rotational 3D ultrasound showing the strongest correlation (R = 0.40).
  • Intra- and inter-observer reliability for placental size measurements were suboptimal (ICC 0.59–0.70 and 0.10–0.58, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • 2D and 3D ultrasound can provide information on third-trimester placental size in utero.
  • Significant improvements in measurement reliability, especially inter-observer reliability, are needed before prospective studies on predictive value.