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Related Concept Videos

Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

5.2K
The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

1.7K
Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
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Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

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The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
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What is Homeostasis?01:16

What is Homeostasis?

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Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously maintain its internal conditions. Each physiological condition has a particular set point, from body temperature to blood pressure to levels of certain nutrients. A set point is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates. A normal range is a restricted set of values that is optimally healthful and stable. For example, the set point for normal human body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F).
66.7K
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

4.4K
Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

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Central control of body temperature.

Shaun F Morrison1

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

F1000Research
|May 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This review details central nervous system circuits that control body temperature. Understanding these neural pathways for thermoregulation can lead to new ways to manage body temperature and energy balance.

Keywords:
Brown adipose tissuecutaneous vasoconstrictiondorsomedial hypothalamusfeverobesitypreoptic hypothalamusrostral raphe pallidusshiversympathetic nerve activitytherapeutic hypothermiathermogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Body temperature is crucial for survival and is regulated by complex central neural circuits.
  • These circuits respond to environmental changes, inflammation, behavioral states, and energy balance.
  • Key thermoeffectors include cutaneous vasoconstriction, shivering, and brown adipose tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the central nervous system circuit mechanisms controlling body temperature regulation.
  • To elucidate the neural pathways governing heat loss and heat production.
  • To provide a framework for understanding hypothalamic circuitry and neurotransmitter roles in thermoregulation.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research on central thermoregulatory control.
  • It focuses on the efferent pathways from the central nervous system to thermoeffectors.
  • The review examines the common peripheral thermal sensory input and parallel distinct efferent pathways.

Main Results:

  • Central neural circuits integrate diverse inputs to maintain body temperature.
  • Distinct efferent pathways control heat loss (vasoconstriction) and heat production (shivering, brown adipose tissue).
  • A shared peripheral thermal sensory input converges on these parallel pathways.

Conclusions:

  • The described neural circuit model offers a platform for advancing the understanding of central thermoregulation.
  • Further research can clarify hypothalamic circuitry and neurotransmitters involved in temperature control.
  • This knowledge may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for modulating body temperature and energy homeostasis.