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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management01:26

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Medical treatment strategies for peptic ulcers encompass various methods. The primary goal of treatment is to diminish gastric acidity and strengthen mucosal defense mechanisms.
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Maintenance therapy options for ulcerative colitis.

María Chaparro1, Javier P Gisbert1

  • 1a Gastroenterology Unit , Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) , Madrid , Spain.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|May 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Medical therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC) aims to achieve remission. Various treatments, including mesalamine, thiopurines, anti-TNF drugs, and vedolizumab, are available for UC management.

Keywords:
Ulcerative colitisadalimumabazathioprinebiosimilargolimumab and vedolizumabinfliximabmercaptopurinemesalamine

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Medical therapy is central to managing ulcerative colitis (UC).
  • The primary goal of UC treatment is achieving and maintaining remission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current therapeutic options for ulcerative colitis (UC).
  • To discuss the efficacy and limitations of various UC medications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of first-line treatments like mesalamine for mild to moderate UC.
  • Examination of thiopurines (azathioprine, mercaptopurine) for remission maintenance, noting adverse events.
  • Discussion of anti-TNF biologics (infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab) for severe or refractory UC.
  • Inclusion of vedolizumab, an integrin α4β7 inhibitor, for moderate-to-severe UC induction and maintenance.

Main Results:

  • Mesalamine formulations show similar pharmacokinetics and exposure.
  • Thiopurines are effective for remission maintenance but have significant adverse event rates (>33%).
  • Anti-TNF agents and vedolizumab are effective for moderate-to-severe UC.

Conclusions:

  • New biologic therapies have expanded UC treatment options.
  • The impact of early biologic intervention on the disease's natural history and colectomy rates requires further investigation.