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[Laryngeal and larynx-associated reflexes].

M Ptok1, D Kühn2, S Miller2

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Laryngeal reflexes protect the airway from foreign material. Clinical tests for reflexes like the laryngeal adductor reflex aid in diagnosing swallowing disorders.

Keywords:
CoughDysphagiaNeurologic examinationSwallowingVocal cords

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Area of Science:

  • Laryngology
  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The larynx possesses several critical reflexes that protect the airway and facilitate respiration and swallowing.
  • These reflexes include the laryngeal adductor reflex, pharyngoglottal closure reflex, laryngeal expiration reflex, cough reflex, inspiration reflex, sniff reflex, and swallowing reflex.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for diagnosing and managing laryngeal dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the known laryngeal reflexes and their physiological roles.
  • To discuss current clinical testing methods for specific laryngeal reflexes.
  • To highlight the need for further research into laryngeal reflexes for improved diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on laryngeal reflexes and their clinical applications.
  • Description of diagnostic tests such as air pulse stimulation for the laryngeal adductor reflex and the water swallow test for the cough reflex.
  • Mention of the sniff reflex's utility in assessing vocal fold abduction.

Main Results:

  • Laryngeal reflexes play crucial roles in airway protection and material clearance.
  • Specific reflexes can be clinically assessed using methods like air pulses and water swallow tests.
  • The sniff reflex is a valuable tool for evaluating vocal fold function.

Conclusions:

  • Laryngeal reflexes are essential for life-sustaining functions.
  • Current clinical tests provide insights into the integrity of certain laryngeal reflexes.
  • Further research is needed to deepen our understanding and enhance diagnostic capabilities for laryngeal impairments.