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Segmentation and tagmosis in Chelicerata.

Jason A Dunlop1, James C Lamsdell2

  • 1Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.

Arthropod Structure & Development
|June 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This review examines segmentation and tagmosis in Chelicerata, revealing conserved body plan trends and variations in appendage evolution. Key innovations define higher taxa and distinguish true tagmata from pseudotagmata.

Keywords:
ArthropodaChelicerataOpisthosomaProsomaTagmosis

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Area of Science:

  • Zoology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Comparative Anatomy

Background:

  • Chelicerata exhibit diverse patterns of segmentation and tagmosis.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for resolving chelicerate phylogeny and evolution.
  • Previous studies have highlighted variations in body plan organization within Chelicerata.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on segmentation and tagmosis in Chelicerata.
  • To identify key innovations and putative apomorphies related to tagmosis in higher taxa.
  • To clarify the distinction between true tagmata (prosoma, opisthosoma) and pseudotagmata.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of segmentation and tagmosis across various chelicerate taxa.
  • Review of existing literature on chelicerate morphology and evolutionary history.
  • Examination of appendage modifications and somite incorporation into tagmata.

Main Results:

  • Chelicerata generally consolidate food-gathering/walking limbs into a prosoma and respiratory appendages onto an opisthosoma.
  • The boundary of the prosoma is variable, with some taxa incorporating additional somites.
  • Euchelicerata are characterized by plate-like opisthosomal appendages, further modified in Arachnida.
  • Somite counts range from nineteen (Scorpiones, Eurypterida) to seven (Pycnogonida), with mites presenting reconstruction challenges.
  • Pseudotagmata are defined by external sclerite divisions, not changes in appendage series.

Conclusions:

  • Segmentation and tagmosis provide valuable characters for defining higher chelicerate taxa.
  • The concept of pseudotagma helps differentiate external body divisions from fundamental tagmatization.
  • Further research is needed to fully reconstruct segmentation in challenging groups like mites.