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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Published on: March 13, 2017

High accuracy particle analysis using sheathless microfluidic impedance cytometry.

Daniel Spencer¹, Federica Caselli, Paolo Bisegna

¹School of Electronics and Computing Science, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK. hm@ecs.soton.ac.uk.

|June 1, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel microfluidic impedance cytometer accurately characterizes particles without focusing. It uses dual current measurements to determine particle position, improving electrical radius measurements with 1% CV in sheathless systems.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Microfluidics
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Particle characterization is crucial in various scientific fields.
Traditional microfluidic impedance cytometry often requires particle focusing, adding complexity.
Non-uniform electric fields in microchannels can affect measurement accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a new microfluidic impedance cytometer design.
To enable accurate particle characterization without the need for sheath flow or focusing.
To develop a novel metric for estimating particle trajectory position.

Main Methods:

Utilizing multiple electrode pairs for simultaneous transverse and oblique current measurements.
Measuring particle transit time through the microfluidic device.
Employing numerical modeling for validation.
Collecting and comparing impedance data for various particle sizes (5, 6, and 7 μm).

Main Results:

The developed technique effectively estimates the vertical position of particle trajectories.
The method compensates for electric field non-uniformities caused by planar electrodes.
Excellent coefficient of variation (CV) of 1% in electrical radius was achieved.
Validation through numerical modeling and experimental data for standard particles.

Conclusions:

The new microfluidic impedance cytometer design offers accurate, sheathless particle characterization.
The dual current measurement approach provides a robust metric for particle positioning.
This technology has potential for high-precision cell analysis and other particle sizing applications.