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[Hepatic hydrothorax].

Jean-François Cadranel1, Armand Garioud1, Hortensia Lison1

  • 1Centre hospitalier Laennec, GHPSO, service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie et de nutrition, BP 72, 60109 Creil cedex, France.

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|June 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatic hydrothorax, characterized by significant pleural effusion in cirrhosis patients, results from ascites moving through diaphragmatic gaps. Treatment options include liver transplantation or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Hepatic hydrothorax is defined as pleural effusion >500mL in cirrhotic patients due to portal hypertension.
  • This condition presents management challenges and risks iatrogenic complications in fragile patients.
  • The formation mechanism involves ascites transudation through diaphragmatic defects into the pleural space.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathophysiology of hepatic hydrothorax.
  • To outline the therapeutic strategies for managing hepatic hydrothorax in cirrhotic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Macroscopic and microscopic identification of diaphragmatic gaps.
  • Review of treatment modalities based on liver transplantation eligibility.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed unidirectional transfer of ascites across diaphragmatic gaps as the mechanism.
  • Identified diaphragmatic gaps contributing to pleural effusion.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment decisions for hepatic hydrothorax hinge on liver transplant candidacy.
  • Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) can be a sufficient treatment option for some patients.