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An asteroidal origin for water in the Moon.

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Water was delivered to the Moon by carbonaceous chondrite-type materials, with comets contributing less than 20% of the lunar water. This study reveals key insights into early Solar System water origins.

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Astrochemistry
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • The traditional view of an anhydrous Moon is challenged by evidence of water in lunar samples.
  • Significant unknowns persist regarding the delivery rate, origins, and timing of lunar water.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To constrain the mass of water accreted by the Moon.
  • To model the proportions of asteroidal versus cometary water sources.
  • To reconcile water delivery models with lunar sample isotopic compositions.

Main Methods:

  • Constraining the accreted mass of water on the Moon.
  • Modeling the relative contributions of asteroidal and cometary sources.
  • Analyzing isotopic compositions of lunar samples.

Main Results:

  • Carbonaceous chondrite-type materials likely delivered the majority of water and nitrogen to the Earth-Moon system.
  • Comets with deuterium-enriched water contributed less than 20% of the Moon's water.
  • The findings constrain the types of impacting bodies during the early Moon's history.

Conclusions:

  • The origin of water in the inner Solar System is better understood.
  • The study provides critical constraints on early Solar System impactors and water delivery mechanisms.