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Association Between Age and Obesity Over Time
Ashley Wendell Kranjac1, Robert L Wagmiller2
1Department of Sociology and Kinder Institute for Urban Research, Rice University, Houston, Texas; and.
Pediatrics
|June 1, 2016
Summary
Childhood obesity rates declined as the strong link between age and obesity weakened. This suggests future rates may remain low if this trend continues for young children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- A recent report indicated a decline in obesity prevalence among US children aged 2-5 years.
- The reasons for this decline are unclear, potentially involving shifts in population characteristics or altered associations between factors and obesity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the sources of the decline in early childhood obesity.
- To differentiate between changes in population composition and changes in the associations of factors with obesity.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2003-2004 and 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
- Applied Blinder-Oaxaca regression decomposition to analyze the decline in early childhood obesity.
- Partitioned the decline into changes in population characteristics and changes in the associations of these characteristics with obesity.
Main Results:
- The primary driver of the obesity rate reduction was a weakened association between a child's age and their obesity status.
- In 2003-2004, older children were more likely to be obese, but this association diminished by 2011-2012.
Conclusions:
- The observed weaker association between age and obesity in young children (2-5 years) may lead to sustained lower obesity rates.
- Continued persistence of this trend could maintain current lower childhood obesity levels for future cohorts.
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