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Aspirin As Secondary Prevention in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: An Unselected Population-Based Study
Simer J Bains1, Milada Mahic1, Tor Åge Myklebust1
1Simer J. Bains, Kjetil Taskén, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo; Milada Mahic, Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Tor Åge Myklebust, Liv Marit Dørum, Bjørn Møller, Cancer Registry of Norway; and Simer J. Bains, Milada Cvancarova Småstuen, Sheraz Yaqub, Bjørn Atle Bjørnbeth, Kristoffer Watten Brudvik, Kjetil Taskén, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Purpose:
Regular use of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is associated with reduced incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, aspirin as primary prevention is debated because of the risk of hemorrhagic adverse effects. Aspirin as secondary prevention may be more justified from a risk-benefit perspective. We have examined the association between aspirin use after the diagnosis of CRC with CRC-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).
Materials And Methods:
An observational, population-based, retrospective cohort study was conducted by linking patients diagnosed with CRC from 2004 through 2011 (Cancer Registry of Norway) with data on their aspirin use (The Norwegian Prescription Database). These registries cover more than 99% of the Norwegian population and include all patients in an unselected and consecutive manner. Exposure to aspirin was defined as receipt of aspirin prescriptions for more than 6 months after the diagnosis of CRC. Multivariable Cox-proportional hazard analyses were used to model survival. The main outcome measures of the study were CSS and OS.
Results:
A total of 23,162 patients diagnosed with CRC were included, 6,102 of whom were exposed to aspirin after the diagnosis of CRC (26.3%). The median follow-up time was 3.0 years. A total of 2,071 deaths (32.9%, all causes) occurred among aspirin-exposed patients, of which 1,158 (19.0%) were CRC specific. Among unexposed patients (n = 17,060), there were 7,218 deaths (42.3%), of which 5,375 (31.5%) were CRC specific. In multivariable analysis, aspirin exposure after the diagnosis of CRC was independently associated with improved CSS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.92) and OS (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.01).
Conclusion:
Aspirin use after the diagnosis of CRC is independently associated with improved CSS and OS.
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