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Related Experiment Videos

The eyewitness suggestibility effect and memory for source.

D S Lindsay, M K Johnson

    Memory & Cognition
    |May 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Eyewitness suggestibility can be reduced by asking people to recall memory sources. Misled subjects sometimes misattribute suggested information to the original event, indicating memory confusion or conscious misattribution.

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Forensic Psychology
    • Memory Research

    Background:

    • Eyewitness suggestibility is a significant factor in wrongful convictions.
    • Understanding the mechanisms of memory discrimination is crucial for accurate testimony.
    • Previous research has not fully elucidated the role of source monitoring in suggestibility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether eyewitness suggestibility is linked to failures in source monitoring.
    • To determine if orienting participants to memory sources can mitigate suggestibility.
    • To explore the nature of memory errors in suggestible eyewitnesses.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants were exposed to misleading information (misled group) or accurate information (control group).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • A yes/no recognition test and a source monitoring test were administered.
  • The source monitoring test specifically prompted participants to identify the origin of their memories.

    • Main Results:

    • Suggestibility effects observed in recognition tests were eliminated when participants focused on memory sources.
    • Misled participants could often identify the source of suggestions but sometimes misidentified them as original event memories.
    • The study highlights the potential for memory confusions or conscious misattributions in eyewitness accounts.

    Conclusions:

    • Eyewitness suggestibility is influenced by source monitoring processes.
    • Explicitly prompting source recall can reduce suggestibility.
    • Further research is needed to differentiate between genuine memory confusion and conscious misattribution in eyewitness errors.