Central Corneal Thickness in Aphakic Children With Microcornea-Microphthalmia

To study the central corneal thickness (CCT) in eyes with microcornea and aphakia and without glaucoma, compare it with normal controls, and correlate it with the measured intraocular pressure (IOP).

The study was conducted on 62 eyes of 31 aphakic children with microcornea. Controls (20 children) were selected from age-matched children presenting for routine refraction. Detailed anterior-segment and fundus examinations were conducted. The CCT and the axial length were measured. Medical records of the study patients were reviewed for the stability of the ocular parameters over time to exclude glaucoma.

The mean±SD age of the study patients and controls were 4.0 (±3.1, 1.0 to 12.0) and 3.1 (±2.7, 0.6 to 12.0) years, respectively. The mean±SD CCT, the corneal diameter, the measured IOP, the cup/disc ratio, and the axial length of the study patients and the controls were 667.01±72.90 μm, 8.9±0.8 mm, 10.9±5.7 mm Hg, 0.1±0.1, 20.35±2.90 mm and 545.22±28.14 μm, 11.7±0.5 mm, 5.3±1.8 mm Hg, 0.1±0.1, and N/A, respectively. The difference between the study eyes and the controls in the CCT and the measured IOP was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Aphakic eyes with microcornea have thicker CCTs and greater measured IOPs than normal eyes. Hence, the measurement of CCT is recommended in the assessment of aphakic eyes with microcornea for possible glaucoma. The measured IOP, although a reliable parameter, in isolation does not provide a diagnosis of glaucoma and must be viewed in conjunction with other patient findings, such as the cup/disc ratio, the progression of which over time must be considered for a more solid diagnosis.