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Effectiveness of airway clearance techniques in children hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis

F Van Ginderdeuren1,2, Y Vandenplas3, M Deneyer3

  • 1Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels 1090, Belgium.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|June 3, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Two airway clearance techniques (ACTs) significantly reduced hospital stay for infants with bronchiolitis. Assisted autogenic drainage (AAD) and intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) offered faster recovery times compared to standard care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis is a common viral respiratory infection in infants.
  • Hospitalization is often required for management of mild to moderate cases.
  • Airway clearance techniques (ACTs) are used to improve mucus clearance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of two ACTs in children under 24 months hospitalized with mild to moderate bronchiolitis.
  • To compare assisted autogenic drainage (AAD) and intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) against a control group receiving bouncing (B).

Main Methods:

  • 103 infants were randomized into three groups: AAD, IPV, or B (control).
  • Each group received a 20-minute daily session of their assigned technique.
  • Primary outcome was mean time to recovery; secondary outcomes included the WANG score, heart rate, and oxygen saturation.

Main Results:

  • Mean recovery time was significantly shorter in the AAD (3.6 days) and IPV (3.5 days) groups compared to the control group (4.5 days).
  • The WANG respiratory severity score improved significantly more in both AAD and IPV groups than in the control group.
  • No significant differences were noted in heart rate or oxygen saturation between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Both AAD and IPV are effective ACTs for reducing hospital stay in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis.
  • These techniques offer a significant benefit over standard care (bouncing) in terms of recovery time and symptom severity.
  • Further research may explore long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness.
Abstract

Keywords:
airway clearance techniquesautogenic drainagebronchiolitisintrapulmonary percussive ventilationrespiratory physiotherapy

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