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Management of candidemia in patients with Clostridium difficile infection

Marco Falcone1, Mario Venditti1, Maurizio Sanguinetti2

  • 1a Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.

Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
|June 3, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) alters gut microbiota, increasing pathogen translocation and candidemia risk. Monitoring CDI patients is crucial to prevent Candida infections and improve outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) disrupts intestinal microflora, facilitating pathogen translocation.
  • Specific factors like PCR-ribotype 027, severe/relapsing CDI, and high-dose vancomycin increase candidemia risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the gut microbiota's role in CDI and its treatment.
  • To identify clinical profiles of CDI patients at risk for candidemia.
  • To discuss management strategies, including pre-emptive and innovative therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on gut microbiota, CDI, and candidemia.
  • Analysis of risk factors and clinical profiles associated with candidemia in CDI patients.
  • Discussion of current and novel therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Altered gut microbiota in CDI can lead to pathogen translocation and candidemia.
  • Certain CDI strains, disease severity, and vancomycin treatment are independent risk factors for candidemia.
  • Effective management requires monitoring and potentially pre-emptive strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Closer clinical and diagnostic monitoring of CDI patients is essential.
  • Preventing Candida infections, a severe complication, can improve patient outcomes.
  • Innovative therapies may mitigate CDI-related gut dysbiosis and mucosal damage.
Keywords:
Candida bloodstream infectionCandida colonizationClostridium difficile infectionPCR-ribotype 027oral vancomycin

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