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Endometrial Cancer Associated Symptoms: A Case-Control Study
Janelle B Pakish1, Karen H Lu1, Charlotte C Sun1
11 Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas.
Journal of Women'S Health (2002)
|June 3, 2016
Summary
Early detection of endometrial cancer (EC) is aided by symptoms like postmenopausal bleeding and abnormal discharge. These warning signs in women warrant prompt gynecological evaluation for potential malignancy.
Area of Science:
- Gynecologic Oncology
- Clinical Epidemiology
- Cancer Symptomatology
Background:
- Endometrial cancer (EC) often presents at early stages with high survival rates (>90% at 5 years).
- Early detection is frequently attributed to warning symptoms, but their prevalence is not well-defined.
- Understanding symptom prevalence is crucial for timely diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence of key symptoms in endometrial cancer (EC) patients.
- To compare symptom prevalence between EC cases and healthy controls.
- To investigate the association of menopausal status and obesity with symptom prevalence in EC.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study design was employed.
- Participants included EC cases and two groups of healthy controls: annual gynecologic visit (AV) and problem-based gynecologic visit (PV).
- Data on EC-associated symptoms were collected via self-administered questionnaires, with logistic regression used for analysis.
Main Results:
- EC cases were older, had higher BMIs, and were more postmenopausal than controls.
- Postmenopausal bleeding (OR=32.99 vs. AV, OR=5.83 vs. PV) and abnormal vaginal discharge (OR=8.8 vs. AV, OR=3.3 vs. PV) were significantly more prevalent in EC cases.
- Abnormal vaginal discharge was reported by 55.4% of EC cases.
Conclusions:
- Postmenopausal bleeding and abnormal vaginal discharge are significantly more common in women with EC.
- The presence of these symptoms should raise suspicion for endometrial cancer.
- Prompt gynecological evaluation is recommended for women experiencing these warning signs.
